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Pollution sources
Collaboration
MARINA-Lakes runs at smaller sub-basins compared to the other versions of MARINA. As a result, nutrient loads can be calculated at the lake level. This creates the opportunity to link the model with PCLake+, a model that calculates the impact of nutrient loads to lake water quality in terms of nutrient concentrations, algae, water plants, zooplankton and fish. As such, the link between MARINA-Lakes and PCLake+ enables research from driver to impact.
Model characteristics
- Model name: MARINA-Lakes
- Application: lakes in China and Africa
- Scales: sub-basins, basins, annual and seasonal
- Period: past, present and future
- Pollutants: dissolved inorganic (DIN, DIP) and organic (DON, DOP) nitrogen and phosphorus
- Sources: point (sewage) and diffuse (agriculture, natural areas)
- Main inputs: agricultural activities, sewage systems, land use, hydrology
Main outputs:
- river export of DIN, DIP, DON and DOP by source and sub-basin to lakes
- loadings of the nutrients from lake basins to lakes
Modelling approach
![Figure 1: Conceptual framework of calculating nutrient loadings to individual lakes from sub-basins and basins (modified from Yang et al., 2019; Wang et al., 2019; Li et al., 2019; Goshu et al., 2020). Figure 1: Conceptual framework of calculating nutrient loadings to individual lakes from sub-basins and basins (modified from Yang et al., 2019; Wang et al., 2019; Li et al., 2019; Goshu et al., 2020).](/upload_mm/1/7/4/29dd17ac-7838-4dc6-a751-5fe3547a3021_Nutrients81_bad0d872_670x359.png)
Model outputs (example)
![Figure 2: Example for loadings of dissolved inorganic (DIN) and organic (DON) nitrogen to Lake Taihu from basins and sources (kton/year, Wang et al., 2019). Figure 2: Example for loadings of dissolved inorganic (DIN) and organic (DON) nitrogen to Lake Taihu from basins and sources (kton/year, Wang et al., 2019).](/upload_mm/7/2/5/cf6e7616-dcb5-4fc1-a937-ef5ceb066bf7_Nutrients82_5a239d51_670x243.png)