Project
SV F5 Emissies van ammoniak, geur, broeikasgassen en stof uit varkensstallen
Innovative techniques and measures should be developed and implemented in livestock houses, manure storages and processing systems to achieve the emission reduction targets in 2030. The LNV research program Livestock houses and Storage systems consists of Measurement and monitoring (E), research (F), pilots and demos (G) and communication (H). Research should show which reduction techniques work and how much emission reduction this yields. In addition to research aimed at new barns, cost-effective adaptations to existing barns are also examined. The effects of the reduction options will be tested in practice and demonstrated at pilot farms and demo farms. In order to implement reduction measures, knowledge about new and existing measures is disseminated among the target group of livestock farmers and extension people. The approach provides action perspectives for livestock farmers to reduce emissions and encourage application. This study (F) measures the emissions from a low-emission flushing system for pig farming in commercial pig barns, as well as from the installation where the low-emission flushing liquid is produced.
Three pig farmers want to tackle ammonia and odor emissions at the source. These farmers want to adapt existing pig houses and/or build new ones. The aim is to meet the provincial requirements of a minimum reduction of ammonia of 85%. These farmers want to install an additional technology for this. The main principle of this technique is that the fresh manure is collected in an ammonia- and odor-free liquid. After the diluted manure has been drained, the manure channel is rinsed with the ammonia-free and odor-free liquid, so that no manure residues remain in the manure channel. This ammonia- and odor-free liquid is obtained after a primary separation step and biological purification of the thin fraction. In addition to reducing the emissions from the manure channel, the emissions will also be limited through optimal climate control and pen design and through the use of metal triangular slats.
In this project, in a collaboration between these farmers, DLV-advice and Wageningen Livestock Research (WLR), optimal barn designs were made for all categories of pigs (fattening pigs, weaned piglets, pregnant sows, farrowing sows, breeding sows) that greatly reduce the emissions of especially ammonia, odor and methane. If all permits have been obtained, the barns will be renovated / built. After a run-in and optimization period, during which the emissions will already be measured, the barns will then be measured according to an official protocol for the emissions of ammonia, odor, greenhouse gases (CH4 and N2O) and particulate matter (including endotoxin). Emissions can also occur during primary separation of the manure and during the manure treatment for the production of the ammonia- and odor-free liquid. Research has shown that nitrogen components in particular can be emitted from the biology for the purification of the fertilizer (Lemmens et al., 2007). This is largely nitrogen gas (N2), but can also partly be nitrous oxide (N2O). Because other emissions (ammonia, odour, methane) can also occur if the biology is less effective, the emissions of ammonia, odour, methane and nitrous oxide will be measured from both the manure separation area and from the biology room.