Research of the Plant Production Systems Group

Our research and teaching approach combines empirical knowledge with production ecological theory to understand the functioning of farming systems.

At PPS we realise that a more environmentally friendly and equitable world requires transformational, rather than incremental change, of our agricultural production and food systems. There is neither a single model or approach for the development of sustainable production systems that is applicable everywhere, nor can meaningful changes in production systems be achieved by looking at them in isolation. We therefore deliberately study highly diverse farming systems across the globe, in a wide range of environments. Our science – and the solution options we contribute to or co-develop – is thus place-based and grounded in local realities. Our focus on diversity serves to inform options for the re-design of locally common production systems, acknowledging and building on their internal diversity.

Our grounded analyses of diversified farming systems in different environments typically integrate analyses at different scale levels, such as the field, the farm, rural livelihoods and the agricultural landscape. Such working across scales requires the use of a variety of approaches and tools, including not only observational research, but also modelling, and (agronomic) experimentation. Thus, we can contribute to the development of diverse, productive and resource-use efficient farming systems that produce the food required to feed the planet, while providing farmers and other agricultural sector stakeholders with decent (living) incomes, dignity, and the freedom to operate. While highlighting externalities and trade-offs – and sometimes demystifying misconceptions – in farming system functioning and development, our work aims to contribute to the efficient use of resources, more equitable opportunities for people, and more positive outcomes for nature – such as more biodiversity, cleaner water, etc.

Our research and teaching approach is rooted in the tradition of C.T. de Wit, combining empirical knowledge and production ecological theory with understanding of farming systems derived from surveys and databases.

Methodology development and application are central to understanding current systems and design of new production systems that contribute to addressing societal problems of global significance. Various modelling approaches based on simulation of crop and animal production, bio-economic optimization and statistical techniques are key (http://models.pps.wur.nl/). The societal problems require analysis at multiple levels, and a key research issue is scaling from the field to farm, region and the global level. The group also works on analytical and explorative methods to assess the scope for intensifying or improving current systems.

An interdisciplinary approach is central, as the issues deal with complex human systems. With the Animal Production Systems group we have established theWageningen Centre for Agro-ecology and Systems Analysis. Qualitative analytical social science contributes to scenarios for future studies and examines the role of models in communication and co-learning with stakeholders. Our focus lies firmly in the natural sciences but close collaboration with groups from social sciences (e.g. economics, rural sociology, communication science) furthers integrated assessment methods.

We play a leadership role in developing and executing major collaborative programmes, and disseminating the knowledge generated.See below for an overview of current important projects.