Emissies naar lucht uit de landbouw berekend met NEMA voor 1990-2020

Summary

In the Netherlands, agricultural activities are a major source of gaseous emissions of ammonia (NH3 ), nitrogenoxide (NO), nitrous oxide (N2O), methane (CH4 ), non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOC), carbon dioxide(CO 2 ) from lime fertilisers and urea fertiliser, and particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5 ). These emissions were calculated using the National Emission Model for Agriculture (NEMA). In 2020, NH3 emissions from livestock manure, fertiliser and other sources on farms and hobby farms, from private use and from manure application in terrestrial ecosystems amounted to 113.4 million kg NH3 . This is 0.6 million kg higher than in 2019. Nitrogen excretion from livestock in 2020 was almost the same as in 2019. Emissions of N2 O in 2020 were 19.1 million kg, equal to the level in 2019. Emissions of NO increased by 0.2 million kg in 2020 to 22.3 million kg. Emissions of CH4 decreased slightly from 479 to 477 million kg. Emissions of NMVOC also decreased slightly, from 87.8 to87.6 million kg. Emissions of particulate matter PM10 decreased from 5.5 in 2019 to 5.4 million kg in 2020 and PM 2.5 emissions remained at 0.5 million kg. Emissions of CO2 from lime fertilisers and urea decreased from 85.2 to78.2 million kg. Based on new data for several factors described in this report, emission figures were updated for a number of years in the time series. Emissions of NH3 from livestock manure have decreased by two-thirds since1990, mainly as a result of lower nitrogen excretion rates and the introduction of low-emission manure application. Emissions of N2O and NO also decreased over the same period, but less markedly than the NH3 reduction, by 41% and 33% respectively. Manure injection led to an increase in these emissions compared with surface spreading of manure, while the shift from grazing to housing led to a reduction in these emissions. Emissions of CH4 decreasedby 19% between 1990 and 2020 due to a decrease in livestock numbers and increased feed use efficiency of dairy cattle. Emissions of PM10 increased by 12% in the same period due to laying poultry farms switching from housing systems with slurry manure to systems with solid manure.