Unraveling the Influence of Food-Related Odors on Eating Behavior

Research demonstrates that ambient food odors indeed play a role in stimulating appetite and influencing individuals’ food choices and intake, and that these odors may not only be effective in stimulating unhealthy food behaviors but also healthy ones. However, results on how ambient food odors influence eating behavior are not unequivocal: some studies show positive effects, others negative effects or no effects at all. Reasons for these inconsistent results are probably related to methodological differences between studies such as the choice of ambient test odors and the degree of exposure (e.g., concentrations, durations), as well as the method of exposure.

This project is aimed at identifying the role of each of these factors in eating behaviors. Insights in these mechanisms behind the effects of ambient food odors may not only be used to reduce unwanted – unhealthy- eating habits but also to stimulate healthy eating habits. Main objectives are to:

1. Systematically investigate which factors influences appetite, food choice, and food intake in relation to food odors.

2. Examine the psychological mechanisms underlying the impact of food odors, particularly exploring the role of cognitive control and other psychological factors in this process.

3. Explore the physiological mechanisms using saliva as a physiological marker to understand the underlying processes.

With new insights how odors influence food choices, this work has the potential to guide people towards healthier eating behavior and overall well-being. Additionally, this research could provide actionable guidance in various food consumption settings, such as restaurants and supermarkets, to encourage healthier dietary practices.